Domestic workers in the world (2021)
Total
Share of informal work
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on ILO data
Workers’ categories of caregiving sectors
RESIDENTIAL ASSISTANCE (Code Q87) |
Provision of residential health care services associated with nursing, supervision or other services, according to the needs of residents.
|
NON-RESIDENTIAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE (Code Q88) | Social counselling, social assistance and similar services for the elderly and the disabled, whether at home or elsewhere, provided by public or private organisations operating at the national level or in local self-help groups, as well as by specialists providing advisory services. Childcare services; day care for disabled children. |
DOMESTIC WORK (Code T97) |
Domestic staff (domestic workers, cooks, waiters, cloak room attendants, butlers, laundresses, gardeners, concierges, grooms, drivers, caretakers, housekeepers, nannies, caregivers, tutors, and secretaries both hired by families and cohabitations, including co-tenants).
|
Over-65 population in EU-27 (2022)
Pop 65+
23.5%
14.6%
- 19% - Over-65 Pop. / Total
Slovakia, Cyprus, Ireland, Luxembourg
- 19-21% - Over-65 Pop. / Total
Latvia, Estonia, Hungary, Czech Rep., Denmark, Sweden, Lithuania, Netherlands, Spain, Romania, Belgium, Austria, Poland, Malta.
- 21% - Over-65 Pop. / Total
Italy, Finland, Greece, Portugal, Germany, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Slovenia.
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Resident population in the EU27 and foreign residents (2022)
GEO/CITIZEN | Total population | Foreigners EU 27 | Extra EU27 | Tot. Foreigners |
EU 27 | 446.735.291 | 3,1% | 5,3% | 8,4% |
Belgium | 11.617.623 | 8,2% | 4,6% | 12,8% |
Bulgaria | 6.838.937 | 0,2% | 1,6% | 1,8% |
Czechia | 10.516.707 | 1,6% | 3,5% | 5,1% |
Denmark | 5.873.420 | 4,0% | 5,4% | 9,4% |
Germany | 83.237.124 | 5,4% | 7,6% | 13,0% |
Estonia | 1.331.796 | 1,6% | 13,6% | 15,2% |
Ireland | 5.060.004 | 7,0% | 6,2% | 13,2% |
Greece | 10.459.782 | 1,1% | 6,0% | 7,1% |
Spain | 47.432.893 | 3,7% | 7,7% | 11,4% |
France | 67.871.925 | 2,2% | 5,6% | 7,8% |
Croatia | 3.862.305 | 0,3% | 0,6% | 0,9% |
Italy | 59.030.133 | 2,4% | 6,2% | 8,6% |
Cyprus | 904.705 | 10,4% | 8,4% | 18,8% |
Latvia | 1.875.757 | 0,4% | 12,7% | 13,1% |
Lithuania | 2.805.998 | 0,1% | 1,1% | 1,2% |
Luxembourg | 645.397 | 38,1% | 9,0% | 47,1% |
Hungary | 9.689.010 | 0,8% | 1,3% | 2,1% |
Malta | 520.971 | 8,6% | 12,0% | 20,6% |
Netherlands | 17.590.672 | 3,7% | 3,3% | 7,0% |
Austria | 8.978.929 | 9,2% | 8,3% | 17,5% |
Poland | 37.654.247 | 0,1% | 1,1% | 1,2% |
Portugal | 10.352.042 | 1,6% | 5,1% | 6,7% |
Romania | 19.042.455 | 0,1% | 0,1% | 0,2% |
Slovenia | 2.107.180 | 1,0% | 7,2% | 8,2% |
Slovakia | 5.434.712 | 0,7% | 0,4% | 1,1% |
Finland | 5.548.241 | 1,9% | 3,4% | 5,3% |
Sweden | 10.452.326 | 2,9% | 5,3% | 8,2% |
EU27
Belgium 
Bulgaria 
Czechia 
Denmark 
Germany
Estonia 
Ireland 
Greece 
Spain
France
Croatia 
Italy
Cyprus 
Latvia 
Lithuania 
Luxembourg 
Hungary 
Malta 
Netherlands 
Austria 
Poland
Portugal 
Romania 
Slovenia 
Slovakia 
Finland 
Sweden EU27Total Population
446.735.291
EU27 Foreigners
3.1%
EU27 Extra
5.3%
Tot. Foreigners
8.4%
Belgium Total Population
11.617.623
EU27 Foreigners
8.2%
EU27 Extra
4.6%
Tot. Foreigners
12.8%
Bulgaria Total Population
6.838.937
EU27 Foreigners
0.2%
EU27 Extra
1.6%
Tot. Foreigners
1.8%
Czechia Total Population
10.516.707
EU27 Foreigners
1.6%
EU27 Extra
3.5%
Tot. Foreigners
5.1%
Denmark Total Population
5.873.420
EU27 Foreigners
4%
EU27 Extra
5.4%
Tot. Foreigners
9.4%
GermanyTotal Population
83.237.124
EU27 Foreigners
5.4%
EU27 Extra
7.6%
Tot. Foreigners
13%
Estonia Total Population
1.331.796
EU27 Foreigners
1.6%
EU27 Extra
13.6%
Tot. Foreigners
15.2%
Ireland Total Population
5.060.004
EU27 Foreigners
7.0%
EU27 Extra
6.2%
Tot. Foreigners
13.2%
Greece Total Population
10.459.782
EU27 Foreigners
1.1%
EU27 Extra
6.0%
Tot. Foreigners
7.1%
SpainTotal Population
47.432.893
EU27 Foreigners
3.7%
EU27 Extra
7.7%
Tot. Foreigners
11.4%
FranceTotal Population
67.871.925
EU27 Foreigners
2.2%
EU27 Extra
5.6%
Tot. Foreigners
7.8%
Croatia Total Population
3.862.305
EU27 Foreigners
0.3%
EU27 Extra
0.6%
Tot. Foreigners
0.9%
ItalyTotal Population
59.030.133
EU27 Foreigners
2.4%
EU27 Extra
6.2%
Tot. Foreigners
8.6%
Cyprus Total Population
904.705
EU27 Foreigners
10.4%
EU27 Extra
8.4%
Tot. Foreigners
18.8%
Latvia Total Population
1.875.757
EU27 Foreigners
0.4%
EU27 Extra
12.7%
Tot. Foreigners
13.1%
Lithuania Total Population
2.805.998
EU27 Foreigners
0.1%
EU27 Extra
1.1%
Tot. Foreigners
1.2%
Luxembourg 2021 Population
645.397
EU27 Foreigners
38.1%
EU27 Extra
9%
Tot. Foreigners
47.1%
Hungary Total Population
9.689.010
EU27 Foreigners
0.8%
EU27 Extra
1.3%
Tot. Foreigners
2.1%
Malta Total Population
520.971
EU27 Foreigners
8.6%
EU27 Extra
12%
Tot. Foreigners
20.6%
Netherlands Total Population
17.590.672
EU27 Foreigners
3.7%
EU27 Extra
3.3%
Tot. Foreigners
7%
Austria Total Population
8.978.929
EU27 Foreigners
9.2%
EU27 Extra
8.3%
Tot. Foreigners
17.5%
PolandTotal Population
37.654.247
EU27 Foreigners
0.1%
EU27 Extra
1.1%
Tot. Foreigners
1.2%
Portugal Total Population
10.352.042
EU27 Foreigners
1.6%
EU27 Extra
5.1%
Tot. Foreigners
6.7%
Romania Total Population
19.042.455
EU27 Foreigners
0.1%
EU27 Extra
0.1%
Tot. Foreigners
0.2%
Slovenia Total Population
2.107.180
EU27 Foreigners
1.0%
EU27 Extra
7.2%
Tot. Foreigners
8.2%
Slovakia Total Population
5.434.712
EU27 Foreigners
0.7%
EU27 Extra
0.4%
Tot. Foreigners
1.1%
Finland Total Population
5.548.241
EU27 Foreigners
1.9%
EU27 Extra
3.4%
Tot. Foreigners
5.3%
Sweden2021 Population
10.452.326
EU27 Foreigners
2.9%
EU27 Extra
5.3%
Tot. Foreigners
8.2%
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
2020-2070 demographic projections: Change in population
Total population
15-64 y.o. population
65+ y.o. population
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Eu countries by social spending classes, euros per capita (2020)
EU 27 | 9.106 |
Luxembourg | 24.439 |
Denmark | 16.877 |
Austria | 14.202 |
Finland | 13.507 |
Netherlands | 13.396 |
Sweden | 13.343 |
Germany | 12.970 |
Belgium | 12.446 |
France | 12.043 |
Ireland | 11.213 |
Italy | 9.276 |
Spain | 6.980 |
Cyprus | 5.812 |
Slovenia | 5.731 |
Portugal | 5.142 |
Malta | 5.026 |
Greece | 4.498 |
Czechia | 4.307 |
Estonia | 3.903 |
Lithuania | 3.399 |
Slovakia | 3.269 |
Poland | 3.237 |
Croatia | 2.956 |
Latvia | 2.727 |
Hungary | 2.538 |
Romania | 1.941 |
Bulgaria | 1.617 |
Eu countries by social spending classes, % gdp (2020)
EU 27 | 30,3 |
France | 35,2 |
Italy | 33,2 |
Austria | 33,2 |
Germany | 31,7 |
Denmark | 31,6 |
Finland | 31,4 |
Belgium | 31,2 |
Spain | 29,6 |
Netherlands | 29,3 |
Greece | 29,1 |
Sweden | 28,7 |
Portugal | 26,4 |
Slovenia | 25,6 |
Luxembourg | 23,8 |
Croatia | 23,7 |
Cyprus | 23,7 |
Poland | 23,3 |
Czechia | 21,4 |
Malta | 19,7 |
Lithuania | 19,1 |
Slovakia | 19,1 |
Estonia | 18,9 |
Bulgaria | 18,2 |
Hungary | 18,0 |
Latvia | 17,1 |
Romania | 17,0 |
Ireland | 15,0 |
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Social public spending in eu-27, % gdp (time series 2011-2020)
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Public social spending composition in EU-27, % GDP (2020)
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
“PENSIONS” component of social spending, % GDP (2020)
“HEALTH” component of social spending, % GDP (2020)
“FAMILY” component of social spending, % GDP (2020)
“DISABILITY” component of social spending, % GDP (2020)
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Workers in care sectors in eu27 (2021)
Sectors | No. employed | % Incidence on tot. Employed |
Domestic workers | 1.858.400 | 0,94% |
Residential assistance workers | 4.067.200 | 2,05% |
Non-residential assistance workers | 5.227.500 | 2,64% |
Tot. Care employed | 11.153.100 | 5,63% |
Tot. Employed | 198.174.100 | 100,00% |
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Workers in the care sectors in eu27 (2012-2021) - in millions
Domestic Workers
Residential care workers
Residential care workers
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Workers in care sectors, by countries (2021) - Incidence on total employed
Total
EU-27
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Workers in care sectors, by countries (2021) - Incidence on total employed
Denmark
Nordic
model
France
Continental
model
italy
Mediterranean
model
Ireland
Anglo-Saxon
model
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Domestic workers in EU-27, by gender (2021)
Women incidence in countries with at least 10 thousand domestic workers (2021)
Domestic workers (thousands) | Distribution % | % F | |
EU 27 | 1.858 | 100,0% | 88,8% |
Italy | 655 | 35,2% | 88,0% |
Spain | 554 | 29,8% | 87,8% |
France | 269 | 14,5% | 90,2% |
Germany | 162 | 8,7% | 92,7% |
Portugal | 83 | 4,5% | 98,2% |
Romania | 25 | 1,3% | 75,3% |
Greece | 19 | 1,0% | 92,6% |
Cyprus | 18 | 1,0% | 95,0% |
Netherlands | 14 | 0,8% | 77,9% |
Poland | 13 | 0,7% | 89,4% |
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Workers in EU-27, by age-class (2021)
DOMESTIC WORKERS
TOTAL SECTORS
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Domestic work Added value in EU-27 (2013-2021)
DOMINA and Leone Moressa Foundation elaboration on Eurostat data
Added value in the domestic sector (2021)
Top-10 countries by Added Value
Country | Added Value (Billion euro) | % GDP |
EU-27 | 42,5 | 0,3% |
Italy | 18,1 | 1,1% |
Spain | 9,5 | 0,9% |
Germany | 7,7 | 0,2% |
France | 1,6 | 0,1% |
Netherlands | 1,0 | 0,1% |
Portugal | 1,0 | 0,5% |
Greece | 0,8 | 0,5% |
Denmark | 0,6 | 0,2% |
Belgium | 0,5 | 0,1% |
Finland | 0,4 | 0,2% |
Added Value in the domestic sector (2021)
Top-10 countries by % on GDP
Country | Added Value (Billion euro) | % GDP |
EU-27 | 42,5 | 0,3% |
Italy | 18,1 | 1,1% |
Cyprus | 0,2 | 0,9% |
Spain | 9,5 | 0,9% |
Greece | 0,8 | 0,5% |
Portugal | 1,0 | 0,5% |
Luxembourg | 0,2 | 0,2% |
Germany | 7,7 | 0,2% |
Denmark | 0,6 | 0,2% |
Finland | 0,4 | 0,2% |
Netherlands | 1,0 | 0,1% |
